Estate Administration

Foreign Will

Ayala v. Brittingham, 131 S.W.3d 3 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2003), rev'd, 193 S.W.3d 575 (Tex. 2006).


County court at law admitted a foreign will to probate and granted ancillary letters testamentary. Executrix then sued Heir claiming that she and other heirs wrongfully appropriated over $60 million in estate assets. Heirs moved to dismiss Executrix’s action asserting that the county court at law had no subject matter jurisdiction. The court denied the motion and Heir appealed.

The court began its analysis by holding that the county court at law’s order was final for the purposes of appeal citing the landmark Texas case of Crowson v. Wakeham, 897 S.W.2d 779 (Tex. 1995).

The court then reviewed the operation of Probate Code § 95 which authorizes the admission of a foreign will to probate in Texas if it is properly established under the laws of another jurisdiction. Key to the application of this procedure is for there to be estate property in Texas. The court explained that the claim of the estate to recover possession of or collect damages for the conversion of estate property that may have been located in Texas at the time of the testator’s death is a right of action which constitutes estate property. Consequently, the county court at law had subject matter jurisdiction.

Moral: A potential claim that estate assets were removed from Texas is sufficient to give Texas courts the ability to conduct an ancillary probate.

 

Estate Administration

Removal of Personal Representative

Ayala v. Brittingham, 131 S.W.3d 3 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2003), rev'd, 193 S.W.3d 575 (Tex. 2006).

 

County court at law admitted a foreign will to probate and granted ancillary letters testamentary. Executrix then sued Heir claiming that she and other heirs wrongfully appropriated over $60 million in estate assets. Heirs moved to remove Executrix from office. The court denied the motion and Heir appealed.

The appellate court reversed. The court began its analysis by examining Probate Code § 222(b)(5) which permits the court to remove a personal representative when the person becomes incapable of properly performing his or her duties. Although great deference is given to the county court at law’s decision, the appellate court held that the lower court abused its discretion in not removing Executrix because its decision was arbitrary, unreasonable, and without reference to any guiding rules and principles. The court enumerates an extensive list of factors to support its finding that the discord and conflicts between the family members and the conflicting interests of the estate, the beneficiaries, creditors, and Executrix were such that it was unreasonable for the court to keep Executrix in office. For example, Executrix filed in Mexico an action to set aside her marital agreement and claim part of the estate as her community property.

Moral: The court will consider a wide range of factors in determining whether an individual is unsuitable to be a personal representative. Conflict between the interests of the personal representative and the estate is one of these factors.



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